二维码（QRCode）在生活中已经是非常的常见，生成的方式也有很多种，本实例以zxing(3.3.2)为例，来演示二维码（QRCode）的生成和读取。

演示效果

先来看看效果：

Note:zxing除了生成二维码，还可以生成例如条形码等等。

POM.xml配置

本实例采用maven构建，所以在pom.xml中添加依赖jar包

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.devnp</groupId>
    <artifactId>zxing-demo</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.7</source>
                    <target>1.7</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.google.zxing</groupId>
            <artifactId>core</artifactId>
            <version>3.3.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.google.zxing</groupId>
            <artifactId>javase</artifactId>
            <version>3.3.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--junit-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

</project>

Java Code

a. zxing生成code

GenerateQRCode.java

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package com.devnp.qrcode;

import com.google.zxing.*;
import com.google.zxing.client.j2se.BufferedImageLuminanceSource;
import com.google.zxing.client.j2se.MatrixToImageWriter;
import com.google.zxing.common.BitMatrix;
import com.google.zxing.common.HybridBinarizer;
import com.google.zxing.datamatrix.DataMatrixReader;
import com.google.zxing.qrcode.QRCodeReader;
import com.google.zxing.qrcode.QRCodeWriter;
import com.google.zxing.qrcode.decoder.ErrorCorrectionLevel;
import sun.jvm.hotspot.utilities.BitMap;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.print.DocFlavor;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.file.FileSystems;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * @author duliu
 */
public class GenerateQRCode {


    /**
     * 生成最基本的二维码
     * @param text
     * @param width
     * @param height
     * @param filePath
     * @throws WriterException
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public static void generateImage(String text, int width, int height, String filePath) throws WriterException, IOException {

        QRCodeWriter qrCodeWriter = new QRCodeWriter();

        BitMatrix bitMatrix = qrCodeWriter.encode(text, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, width, height);

        Path path = FileSystems.getDefault().getPath(filePath);

        MatrixToImageWriter.writeToPath(bitMatrix, "PNG", path);

    }

    /**
     * 生成带有参数的二维码
     * @param text
     * @param width
     * @param height
     * @param filePath
     * @throws WriterException
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public static void encodeImage(String text, int width, int height, String filePath) throws WriterException, IOException {

        Path path = FileSystems.getDefault().getPath(filePath);

        MultiFormatWriter multiFormatWriter = new MultiFormatWriter();

        Map<EncodeHintType, Object> map = new HashMap<>();

        map.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, "utf-8"); //设置字符集
        map.put(EncodeHintType.ERROR_CORRECTION, ErrorCorrectionLevel.M); //设置纠错等级
        map.put(EncodeHintType.MARGIN, 2); //设置边距

        BitMatrix bitMatrix = multiFormatWriter.encode(text, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, width, height, map) ;

        MatrixToImageWriter.writeToPath(bitMatrix, "PNG", path);
    }

    /**
     * 生成带有logo的二维码
     * @param icoPath
     * @param text
     * @param width
     * @param height
     * @param filePath
     * @throws WriterException
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public static void generateIcoImage(String icoPath, String text, int width, int height, String filePath) throws WriterException, IOException {

        QRCodeWriter qrCodeWriter = new QRCodeWriter();

        Map<EncodeHintType, Object> map = new HashMap<>();

        map.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, "utf-8"); //设置字符集
        map.put(EncodeHintType.ERROR_CORRECTION, ErrorCorrectionLevel.H); //设置纠错等级
        map.put(EncodeHintType.MARGIN, 1); //设置边距

        BitMatrix bitMatrix = qrCodeWriter.encode(text, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, width, height, map);

        BufferedImage qrImage = MatrixToImageWriter.toBufferedImage(bitMatrix);

        int qrHeight = qrImage.getHeight();
        int qrWidth = qrImage.getWidth();

        BufferedImage logoImage = adjustSize(qrHeight, qrWidth, icoPath);

        //初始化新的二维码的生成
        BufferedImage combined = new BufferedImage(qrImage.getHeight(), qrImage.getWidth(), BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);
        Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) combined.getGraphics();

        //画新的图片
        g2d.drawImage(qrImage, 0, 0, null);
        g2d.setComposite(AlphaComposite.getInstance(AlphaComposite.SRC_OVER, 1f));

        g2d.drawImage(logoImage, (int) Math.round((qrWidth -logoImage.getWidth())/2), (int) Math.round((qrHeight-logoImage.getHeight())/2), null);

        //
        ImageIO.write(combined, "png", new File(filePath));
    }

    public static BufferedImage adjustSize(int qrHeight, int qrWidth, String logoPath) throws IOException {
        //读取LOGO ICO
        File file = new File(logoPath);

        BufferedImage logoImage = ImageIO.read(file);

        //对logo进行缩放 将logo的大小设置为整个图片的1/5
        int icoHeight = qrHeight / 5 ;
        int icoWidth = qrWidth / 5 ;

        BufferedImage newLogoImage = new BufferedImage(icoWidth, icoHeight,logoImage.getType());
        Graphics g = newLogoImage.getGraphics();
        g.drawImage(logoImage, 0,0,icoWidth, icoHeight,null);

        g.dispose();

        return newLogoImage ;
    }

}

b. zxing读取code

ReaderQRCode.java

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package com.devnp.qrcode;

import com.google.zxing.*;
import com.google.zxing.client.j2se.BufferedImageLuminanceSource;
import com.google.zxing.common.HybridBinarizer;
import com.google.zxing.qrcode.QRCodeReader;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * @author  duliu
 */
public class ReaderQRCode {

    /**
     * 读取二维码的信息
     * @param filePath
     * @return
     * @throws FormatException
     * @throws ChecksumException
     * @throws NotFoundException
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public static String readImage(String  filePath) throws FormatException, ChecksumException, NotFoundException, IOException {

        BufferedImage bufferedImage = ImageIO.read(new File(filePath));

        LuminanceSource source = new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(bufferedImage);

        Binarizer binarizer = new HybridBinarizer(source);
        BinaryBitmap bitmap = new BinaryBitmap(binarizer);

        QRCodeReader qrCodeReader = new QRCodeReader();

        Result result = qrCodeReader.decode(bitmap);

        return result.getText() ;

    }
}

c.测试code
GenerateQRCodeTest.java

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package com.devnp.qrcode.test;


import com.devnp.qrcode.GenerateQRCode;
import com.google.zxing.ChecksumException;
import com.google.zxing.FormatException;
import com.google.zxing.NotFoundException;
import com.google.zxing.WriterException;
import org.junit.Test;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;

public class GenerateQRCodeTest {

    @Test
    public void generateImageTest() throws IOException, WriterException {
        GenerateQRCode.generateImage("www.devnp.com", 60, 60, "simpleqrcode.png");
    }

    @Test
    public void encodeImageTest() throws IOException, WriterException {
        GenerateQRCode.encodeImage("www.devnp.com", 60, 60, "noramlqrcode.png");
    }

    @Test
    public void generateIcoImage() throws IOException, WriterException {
        GenerateQRCode.generateIcoImage("a476a0d05b33f3d9b76a780c9bd31d0f.jpeg","www.devnp.com", 120, 120, "qricocode.png");
    }

    @Test
    public void adjustSizeTest() throws IOException {
        BufferedImage bufferedImages = GenerateQRCode.adjustSize(120, 120, "a476a0d05b33f3d9b76a780c9bd31d0f.jpeg");

        ImageIO.write(bufferedImages, "png", new File("logo.png"));
    }

}

ReaderQRCodeTest.java

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package com.devnp.qrcode.test;

import com.devnp.qrcode.GenerateQRCode;
import com.devnp.qrcode.ReaderQRCode;
import com.google.zxing.ChecksumException;
import com.google.zxing.FormatException;
import com.google.zxing.NotFoundException;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.io.IOException;

public class ReaderQRCodeTest {

    @Test
    public void readImageTest() throws IOException, ChecksumException, NotFoundException, FormatException {
        String content = ReaderQRCode.readImage("qrcode.png");

        System.out.println(content);
    }
}

3，代码下载

zxing-demo.zip